What type of decisions are characterized by the use of relevant evidence or data?

The use of relevant evidence or data is a hallmark of impartial decision-making. When decisions are characterized as impartial, they are based on objective analysis rather than personal bias, emotions, or unfounded assumptions. This approach ensures that the decision-maker considers all available information and evaluates it fairly, leading to conclusions that are grounded in fact. Impartiality is essential in contexts such as law enforcement and ethics, where decisions must be made without favoritism or prejudice, fostering trust in the process.

In contrast, the other types of decision-making do not inherently rely on evidence or data. Subjective decisions are influenced by personal feelings or opinions. Arbitrary decisions are made without regard for reason or principle, and speculative decisions are based on conjecture rather than concrete evidence. Thus, only the choice that aligns with evidence-based reasoning is characterized correctly as impartial.